As a result, the relationships between cultivated yams and their wild relatives are not well understood and this negatively affects the understanding of the evolution of cultivated yams. Yang mh, chen yy 1982 steroidal sapogenins in dioscorea collettii. Improving the food quality of yams dioscorea spp is an ongoing challenge to yam breeders and researchers. Wild yam has a large native range encompassing most of the eastern united states, ending at.
Metabolite profiling of dioscorea yam species reveals. The edible tubers are cultivated largely in asia and sometimes used in alternative medicine. Therefore, the data on the photodegradation of dithianon. View as pdf for printing view as latex for geeks switch colors dioscorea spp. Plants free fulltext molecular characterization of a. All reports are erowid and you agree not to download or analyze the report data without contacting erowid center and. Dioscorea villosa supplement health benefits, dosage.
Markets and market values of nontimber forest products in. The genus dioscorea dioscoreaceae contains several economically important species for human consumption, medical and pharmaceutical uses. Yield loss caused by yam mosaic virus ymv and cucumber. A number of wild crops remain unexplored in this world and among them some have excellent medicinal and nutritional properties. Yam traditional pacific island crops research guides.
This study was aimed at elucidating the decisive structural parameters of amylopectin which govern the gelatinization or pasting behavior of yam starch dispersions, exemplified with four selected yam starches from dioscorea alata and d. Thus, although dioscorea was introduced by the thomsonian school in medicine, it became a favorite in the eclectic school, where for decades it has found a cordial reception. Dioscorea alata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive. Dioscorea villosa is one of the species of yam referred to as wild yam dioscorea villosa has been claimed to alleviate symptoms of menopause, but there is currently no evidence to support this effect animal evidence suggests dioscorea villosa can increase skin thickness after lowdose supplementation. The following are the supplementary data related to this article. How to grow dioscorea plants in your garden gardeners hq guide to growing cinnamon vine, yam, and colic root. Both of these species originated in southeast asia and very early were carried by voyagers into the western pacific and brought d. A reliable means to induce sprouting in dormant seed tubers of yams dioscorea species is required to enhance flexibility in planting date and rate of propagation of the crop. Karakteristik tepung prebiotik umbi uwi dioscorea spp. To gain an insight into the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of ymmv, 89 isolates from west africa, asia, south pacific, and america were analyzed phylogenetically by using sequence between the 3. Cultivated yams are vegetatively propagated while wild yams are sexually propagated and comprise both diploid and polyploid species. Experiments were conducted to assess the potential of two gibberellin inhibitors, uniconazolep and prohexadionecalcium, to induce sprouting in tubers from three varieties of d. They are mostly grown for their starchy tubers both cultivated and wild and for medicinal properties.
Genetic diversity of organoleptic properties in water yam. The dioscorea genus contains more than 600 species, 14 of which have edible tubers. This means that they must set aside 10 to 30% of their yam harvest for planting material. Dioscorea sansibarensis pax section macroura, zanzibar yam. Forty accessions of d alata were evaluated for the suitability of their tubers for the preparation of two dominant food forms boiled and pounded as part of an effort to identify potential parents for use in genetic improvement. Other terms for yam are true yams, greater yam, tropical yam, and name. However, only 18 % of the local demand is currently produced on the island. Storage rot of some yams dioscorea spp in keffi and. There are several species in the genus dioscorea that are known as yams. Wilson 80 reported progress made at iita during 19751980 on field selections for resistance to tuber yield reduction by fungal leaf diseases caused by. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles.
Enhanced photodegradation of applied dithianon fungicides. The lack of highquality diseasefree seeds is one of the main constraints for the local production of yam. Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological. Yam is the common name applied to plants of about 500 species of the genus dioscorea of the dioscoreaceae family.
The incidence of rotting among three varieties of yams dioscorea rotunda, d. Examining the physicochemical, functional and rheological properties in flours of farmers 7 key yam dioscorea spp. Five5 towns, kana,kofa gwari, laminga, garaku and kokona in keffi local government area, nasarawa state, nigeria were. Phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of medicinal. A reference highdensity genetic map of greater yam dioscorea. Dioscorea esculenta, commonly known as the lesser yam, is a yam species native to island southeast asia and introduced to near oceania and east africa by early austronesian voyagers. The dioscorea spp examined included dioscorea rotundata white yam, d. The plant diversity is distributed from the western ghats to eastern ghats, along with the northeastern region and from the greater himalayas to the plain of ganga. Genetic diversity and genome recombination in yam mild. Lloyd investigated the dioscorea subject, and found that the variety of the vine yielding the drug originally em. Basic list of descriptors for edible dioscorea species.
This publication is available to download in portable document format from. For a robust metabolic analysis of these tissues, leaf at fi. The 1980 list was based upon the work of the regional committee in southeast asia and its descriptor numbers are given in parentheses beside the present. Chinese yam comprising of 7584% starch, 68% crude protein and 1. Winged yam dioscorea alata is another nonnative, invasive vine in florida. Product description harmonised product code list 07095900 other truffles fresh or chilled 07096010 green chilly freshchilled 07096090 other fruits of the genus capsicum or pimenta 07097000 spinach freshchilled 07099100 globe artichokes, freshchilled 07099200 olives freshchilled 07099300 pumpkins, squash and gourds cucurbita spp. A study was carried out on the storage rot of yams dioscorea spp in keffi and environs, nasarawa state. Dioscorea plant growing guide how to grow cinnamon vine. This effect suggests dioscorea villosa is a potentially useful supplement for skin. Winged yam is known to have disprupted naturalarea plant communities, particularly coastal hammocks in south florida. The mass variety of yam tuber can be seen from its form, size, color, and taste.
The forests of odisha form a major part of the eastern ghats. Characterizing diversity in composition and pasting. Assessment of metabolic variability and diversity present. Disease incidence on dioscorea rotundata ranged from 33. To date, several viruses of different genera have been reported to infect yam dioscorea spp. Dioscorea alata has been selected for leaf virus and scorch tolerance among clones. Effect of amylopectin structure on the gelatinization and. The full diversity of viruses infecting yam, however, remains to be explored. Material and methodology biological material the present study was undertaken in. Yam mild mosaic virus ymmv is prevalent in yams dioscorea spp. To produce yams for eating or marketing, most farmers in the pacific plant yam setts that weigh 100 to 600 g or more. Characterizing diversity in composition and pasting properties of tuber flour in yam germplasm dioscorea spp. One of the beautys of the half hardy perennial dioscorea is its cinnamon fragranced flowers these bloom anytime from spring to autumn variety specific with small white flowers. The phylogeny of this genus is not yet fully resolved.
Some common dioscorea species of similipal biosphere reserve. The two most important ones in the pacific are dioscorea alata greater yam, water yam and dioscorea esculenta lesser yam, potato yam. Yams are starchy staples in the form of large tubers produced by herbaceous annual and perennial trailing vines grown in africa, the americas, the caribbean, south pacific and asia. The common name for the genus, yams, will be used when discussing information applicable to 2 or more of the above species. In an analysis of 4 wild nepalese yam species, including dioscorea bulbifera, bahndari and kawabata 2004 found that constituent chemicals in the yams \tend to imply thatwild yams may present a health hazard potential, which in turn demands propor processing before consumption to eliminate the effects of the antinutrients. The microorganisms which caused rotting on experimental reinoculation into yam tubers were the fungi, botryodiplodia theobromae, penicillium sp. Difficult experiences 5, first times 2, small group 29 17 copyrights. However, the photodegradation of the dithianon fungicides on plant leaves and in aqueous solutions or suspensions have not been reported up to now. Field and storage fungi diseases of yam dioscorea spp. India is a harbor of biodiversity in general and phytodiversity in particular.
In this study, we employed hts on yam to determine whether any undiscovered viruses were present that would. It is closely related to air potato dioscorea bulbifera. Highthroughput sequencing hts methods are increasingly being used in the discovery of new plant viral genomes. While edible dioscorea species should lack ex ceeding amounts of steroids, a preferably high. A combined approach for detecting yam dioscorea spp. It is grown for their edible tubers, though it has smaller tubers than the more widelycultivated dioscorea. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. Journal of the science of food and agriculture 2008 v.
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